Pashinyan says Karabakh ‘was not ours’ as Armenia and Azerbaijan look to future
Pashinyan says Karabakh ‘was not ours’ as Armenia and Azerbaijan look to future
Pashinyan says Karabakh was not ours – Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan has sparked widespread debate by challenging the nation’s historical claims over Karabakh in a recent address. His remarks, delivered in a video shared widely by Armenian media, underscore a dramatic shift in the country’s approach to the region’s contested status. Pashinyan’s statement, which declares Karabakh was never truly Armenian territory, has drawn mixed reactions from both domestic and international audiences, reflecting a deepening divide in how the region’s legacy is perceived.
A New Narrative: Pashinyan’s Bold Reassessment
Pashinyan’s assertion that Karabakh was not Armenian land comes as a stark contrast to decades of nationalist sentiment that framed the territory as an integral part of Armenia’s identity. In the video, he repeatedly questioned the validity of Armenia’s claim, asking, “How was that land ours? How was it ours? Please explain how it was ours?” This direct challenge to the nation’s historical narrative has reignited discussions about the role of external forces in shaping Armenia’s policies toward Karabakh.
“I don’t want to speak behind dead people’s backs, but let’s say under the control of a few generals who planted wheat there, for instance, was that it? How was it ours? How? Explain it, how was it?”
Pashinyan further emphasized that Armenia’s occupation of Karabakh was a “fatal mistake,” highlighting the consequences of prolonged conflict. His words carry weight, as they reflect a broader rethinking of Armenia’s geopolitical strategy and its relationship with Azerbaijan. This shift is not merely symbolic; it signals a commitment to resolving the Nagorno-Karabakh dispute through dialogue rather than confrontation.
The Peace Process and Pro-European Shift
The prime minister’s comments align with Armenia’s recent efforts to solidify ties with European institutions. This aligns with the outcomes of the European Political Community (EPC) summit and the EU-Armenia summit, which reinforced the country’s decision to move closer to Europe. These events have underscored Armenia’s desire to redefine its role in the South Caucasus, distancing itself from its historical reliance on Russia.
French President Emmanuel Macron, addressing the EPC summit in Yerevan, recognized the significance of Armenia’s pivot. He praised the nation’s “break from its past,” stating that its path toward Europe was now a conscious choice. “After the Velvet Revolution, its policy of peace, and its turn toward Europe, we are now witnessing the opening of a new era,” Macron remarked, framing Armenia’s diplomatic realignment as a transformative moment for the region.
“Eight years ago, many saw Armenia as a country heavily dependent on Russia, with its security entirely in Russian hands. Today, it has consciously chosen the path towards a Europe from Iceland to the Caucasus.”
Macron’s remarks highlight the broader implications of Armenia’s pro-European stance. By forging peace with Azerbaijan, the country is not only securing its own political stability but also positioning itself as a key player in regional economic development. This cooperation is expected to create new opportunities for trade, investment, and infrastructure projects, benefiting both Armenia and Azerbaijan.
Aliyev’s Stance and Regional Rebuilding
Meanwhile, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev reiterated his nation’s commitment to peace, warning against the resurgence of anti-Azerbaijani forces in Armenia. Speaking during the inauguration of a new residential complex in Zangilan, Aliyev emphasized that Azerbaijan’s efforts to rebuild Karabakh were a deliberate strategy to foster stability and prosperity. “We know that within Armenia’s political sphere there are still circles driven by hatred towards the Azerbaijani people and state,” he said, cautioning that if such groups regained power, the Armenian population would face renewed challenges.
“We had no intention of destroying Armenia or depriving it of its independence. Yet they portray themselves as if they are protecting Armenia from us. There is no need to protect Armenia from us. We have achieved what we set out to achieve.”
Aliyev also highlighted the economic potential of Karabakh, noting that the region’s transformation into a transport hub would boost connectivity across the South Caucasus. His government’s plans to reconstruct civilian infrastructure in Karabakh are seen as a testament to its vision of shared progress. By focusing on development and reconciliation, Azerbaijan aims to turn the region into a symbol of cooperation rather than division.
Putin’s Response and the Road Ahead
Russian President Vladimir Putin responded to Pashinyan’s statements with a suggestion that Armenia should hold a referendum on its EU membership aspirations. This remark came shortly after Pashinyan declined an invitation to attend Russia’s Victory Day parade, a move perceived as a deliberate distancing from Moscow’s influence. “It would be logical for Armenia to decide its future as early as possible,” Putin stated at a press conference, advocating for a democratic process that involves the Armenian people directly.
“In my view, it would be right both in relation to the population, the citizens of Armenia, and in relation to us, as the main economic partner, to decide as early as possible. For example, to hold a referendum.”
Putin argued that such a referendum would not only empower Armenians to voice their preferences but also allow Russia to make its own strategic decisions. “Then we would have gone down the path of a gentle, civilised… future,” he concluded, suggesting that the process of European integration could coexist with continued ties to Russia.
The evolving dynamics between Armenia and Azerbaijan have far-reaching consequences for the region’s stability. As the June elections approach, Pashinyan’s government is positioning itself as a leader in this new era of peace. His bold reassessment of Karabakh’s status is part of a larger strategy to align Armenia with European values while maintaining economic ties with Azerbaijan. This balancing act is critical, as both nations seek to reconcile their histories and build a shared future.
Macron’s endorsement of Armenia’s European orientation underscores the growing importance of the country in the region’s geopolitical landscape. By prioritizing peace and economic cooperation, Armenia is not only redefining its own national identity but also influencing the broader South Caucasus narrative. The EPC summit and EU-Armenia summit have provided a platform for this shift, with leaders from across Europe recognizing the significance of Armenia’s decision.
Aliyev’s emphasis on rebuilding Karabakh reflects Azerbaijan’s confidence in the peace process. His government’s focus on infrastructure development, such as the new Zangilan City Park hotel, symbolizes a commitment to creating a prosperous future for the region. These projects are designed to attract investment and enhance the quality of life for local residents, reinforcing the idea that Karabakh can become a shared space of opportunity.
As the political landscape in Armenia continues to evolve, the question of Karabakh’s ownership remains central. Pashinyan’s words challenge the traditional narrative, while Aliyev’s actions demonstrate a pragmatic approach to reconciliation. Putin’s suggestion of a referendum adds another layer to the discussion, highlighting the complex interplay between Armenia’s aspirations for European integration and its enduring ties to Russia.
The path forward for both nations is marked by cautious optimism. With the June elections looming, Pashinyan’s government is navigating a delicate balance between domestic support and international alignment. Meanwhile, Azerbaijan is focusing on consolidating its gains and ensuring that the peace process remains a cornerstone of regional cooperation. The outcome of these developments will shape the future of Karabakh and the broader South Caucasus for years to come.
