How China fell for a lobster: What an AI assistant tells us about Beijing’s ambition

China’s Obsession with OpenClaw: A Glimpse into Beijing’s Tech Ambitions

When Wang first asked, “Are you a lobster?” to the BBC, it was a question born of curiosity and confusion. Recently, he had become deeply immersed in OpenClaw, an AI assistant known as “lobster” in China, to the point where he questioned whether he was speaking to a human or a machine. After confirming his own humanity, the young IT engineer shared how the tool had revolutionized his workflow. OpenClaw, developed by Austrian programmer Peter Steinberger, has become a cornerstone of China’s AI expansion, showcasing the nation’s rapid adoption of the technology.

The Rise of OpenClaw and Its Practical Appeal

OpenClaw’s open-source foundation has made it a versatile asset for Chinese developers. By allowing customization with local AI models, it provides a workaround for the country’s limited access to Western platforms like ChatGPT and Claude. This flexibility has fueled its popularity, with users across diverse backgrounds experimenting with its code. Wang, who runs a TikTok shop selling digital gadgets, described his “lobster” as a game-changer. While manually managing TikTok Shop listings is time-consuming—requiring image uploads, pricing comparisons, and influencer outreach—his AI assistant handles up to 200 items in two minutes, outperforming him in speed and precision.

“It is scary, but also exciting. My lobster is better than I am at this. It writes better, and can instantly compare my prices with every competitor—something I would never have time to do.”

Wang’s experience reflects a broader trend. From Shenzhen’s tech hubs to Beijing’s corporate centers, thousands have flocked to platforms like Tencent and Baidu for free OpenClaw versions. The tool’s versatility has even led to its use in stock trading, where some claim it identifies optimal buy and sell moments. Despite the risk of errors, its efficiency has captivated users, including famous comedian Li Dan, who reportedly conversed with his “lobster” in dreams.

Government Support and the AI Ecosystem

China’s AI momentum has been years in the making, accelerated by initiatives like DeepSeek’s launch last year. Developed by homegrown engineers, DeepSeek surprised many with its capabilities, reinforcing the nation’s growing appetite for innovation. Its open-source nature further solidified its role in the tech landscape, paving the way for tools like OpenClaw. Government incentives have also played a key part, with cities like Wuxi offering up to five million yuan for manufacturing applications involving the assistant.

“Everyone in China knows that the government sets the pace, and the government tells you where the opportunities are. It’s practical for most people. That’s probably a better plan, to just follow the government directive than to really try to figure it out on your own.”

Rui Ma, founder of the Tech Buzz China newsletter, highlighted the government’s strategic influence. By steering the direction of AI adoption, Beijing has created an environment where entrepreneurs and everyday users alike can harness the technology for practical gains. This synergy between state guidance and grassroots experimentation has positioned OpenClaw as a symbol of China’s ambition in the AI era.

From Curiosity to Competition

As OpenClaw gained traction, its appeal transcended technical circles. Users, including retirees and secondary school students, eagerly adopted it for tasks ranging from multi-tasking to investment decisions. Some claimed their “lobsters” even executed trades, though not without controversy. Meanwhile, the tool’s viral nature underscored a uniquely Chinese enthusiasm for AI, blending innovation with accessibility. This grassroots movement, combined with corporate backing, has cemented OpenClaw’s role in shaping the nation’s technological future.